Journal: Central-European Journal of Immunology

Article Title: Dexmedetomidine inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, regulates ferroptosis in bladder cancer cells and the tumor immune microenvironment, and suppresses tumorigenesis in a mouse bladder cancer model

doi: 10.5114/ceji.2025.155276

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dexmedetomidine inhibited the proliferation of bladder cancer cells. A ) SV-HU-1 normal bladder cells, B ) T24 bladder cancer cells, and C ) RT4 bladder cancer cells were treated with increasing concentrations of dexmedetomidine (0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 μM) for 24 hours, and cell viability was measured using the CCK8 assay. Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s posthoc test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared to the control group (0 μM Dex)

Article Snippet: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), SV-HU-1, T24, and RT4 cells (all purchased from ATCC) were cultured under standard conditions.

Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, Control

Journal: Central-European Journal of Immunology

Article Title: Dexmedetomidine inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, regulates ferroptosis in bladder cancer cells and the tumor immune microenvironment, and suppresses tumorigenesis in a mouse bladder cancer model

doi: 10.5114/ceji.2025.155276

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dexmedetomidine induced ferroptosis and increased ROS levels in bladder cancer cells. A ) Western blot analysis of GPX4 and SLC7A11 expression in T24 and RT4 cells treated with different concentrations of Dex (0, 0.5, 1, 2 μM) for 24 hours. B ) Relative Fe2+ levels in T24 and RT4 cells treated with varying Dex concentrations. C ) Fe2+ levels in RT4 and T24 cells treated with Dex (2 μM) alone or in combination with erastin (ferroptosis inducer) or ferrostatin-1 (ferroptosis inhibitor). D ) Lipid ROS levels in T24 and RT4 cells after treatment with increasing Dex concentrations. Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared to the control group (0 μM Dex) E ) Immunofluorescence images showing ROS accumulation in T24 and RT4 cells treated with different Dex concentrations

Article Snippet: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), SV-HU-1, T24, and RT4 cells (all purchased from ATCC) were cultured under standard conditions.

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Control, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Central-European Journal of Immunology

Article Title: Dexmedetomidine inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, regulates ferroptosis in bladder cancer cells and the tumor immune microenvironment, and suppresses tumorigenesis in a mouse bladder cancer model

doi: 10.5114/ceji.2025.155276

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dexmedetomidine reduced PD-L1 expression and enhanced CD8+ T-cell activity in bladder cancer cells. A ) Western blot analysis of PD-L1 expression in T24 and RT4 cells treated with different concentrations of Dex (0, 0.5, 1, 2 μM) for 24 hours. B ) Representative flow cytometry plot showing CD3+CD8+ T-cell percentages in co-cultures of PBMCs with T24 or RT4 cells treated with 0 μM or 2 μM Dex. C ) Quantification of CD8+ T-cell percentages in PBMC co-cultures with T24 and RT4 cells. D ) IFN-γ and IL-10 levels in PBMC co-cultures with T24 and RT4 cells treated with 0 μM or 2 μM Dex, measured by ELISA. Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared to the control group (0 μM Dex)

Article Snippet: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), SV-HU-1, T24, and RT4 cells (all purchased from ATCC) were cultured under standard conditions.

Techniques: Expressing, Activity Assay, Western Blot, Flow Cytometry, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: Central-European Journal of Immunology

Article Title: Dexmedetomidine inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, regulates ferroptosis in bladder cancer cells and the tumor immune microenvironment, and suppresses tumorigenesis in a mouse bladder cancer model

doi: 10.5114/ceji.2025.155276

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dexmedetomidine inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling in bladder cancer cells. A ) Western blot analysis of active β-catenin, β-catenin, c-Myc, and cyclin D1 expression in T24 and RT4 cells treated with different concentrations of Dex (0, 0.5, 1, 2 μM) for 24 hours. B ) Western blot analysis of active β-catenin, β-catenin, c-Myc, and cyclin D1 expression in RT4 cells. Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared to the control (0 μM Dex); # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 compared to the 2 μM Dex group C ) Western blot analysis and quantification of active β-catenin, β-catenin, c-Myc, and cyclin D1 in T24 cells treated with 2 μM Dex alone or in combination with 2 μM LiCl (Wnt/β-catenin activator). Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared to the control (0 μM Dex); # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 compared to the 2 μM Dex group

Article Snippet: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), SV-HU-1, T24, and RT4 cells (all purchased from ATCC) were cultured under standard conditions.

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Control